LVPM——玩转WUBI安装的Ubuntu!
在下载的Ubuntu 7.10 DVD光盘中看到有个名为“wubi-cdboot.exe”的文件,想起在论坛中看过这是个在Windows下安装Ubuntu的程序,顺手在 google上一搜,到它的官网(http://wubi-installer.org)去看了看,不想在其文档中看到这样一句:
引用: |
However, once the Ubuntu install created by Wubi has been transferred to a dedicated partition using LVPM, the hard drive access speed will be identical to that of a standard Ubuntu installation. |
也就是说,可以用LVPM将原来安装到Windows下虚拟磁盘中的Ubuntu转换到一个专用分区上,变成真正独立安装,不再依赖于Windows。
开始还妄想直接用虚拟光驱挂载映像,用Wubi实现硬盘安装,实践来看是不行滴!关键一点,虚拟光驱是运行在Windows下的,而使用Wubi安装到 Windows下的虚拟磁盘实际是用ntloader加载了一个小的Linux系统,还要去找Wubi提供的光盘,但这里由于没有运行Windows,所 以也就不存在那个虚拟光驱了,只能停留在小Linux系统中。
使用Wubi和LVPM对新手来说是个比较好的过渡方法:前期使用WUBI安装到Windows下的虚拟磁盘中,安全、简单、不影响Windows(绝大 部分文件都在一个目录中,可以很简单地卸载它),而且性能应该比用虚拟机要强(据其官网介绍,性能基本等同真实安装,除了硬盘访问稍慢);在熟悉之后,就 可以使用LVPM,将你的Ubuntu从Windows下的一个虚拟磁盘文件转移到一个专用分区中。
关于WUBI的使用,论坛里已经有篇帖子了(http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?t=40930),就不再介绍了,而且其官网上的抓图也不少。
PS:还有个与其相似的Linux下的工具LUBI。
这里简单翻译一下关于如何使用LVPM的文章。
一个是http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=438591的《使用LVPM将Wubi安装转移到真实分区的原理》:
引用: |
Wubi的一个主要特性,就是它可以将Ubuntu安装到虚拟磁盘上,免除重新分区的困扰和风险。虽然这样的安装对日常使用已经足够了,将Ubuntu安装到专用分区而不是Windows上的虚拟磁盘这种真实安装还是有一些优势的: 1、完全独立于Windows:Wubi需要依赖Windows保存虚拟磁盘和启动加载器。因此,如果你认为Ubuntu可以满足你的需要而你不再需要 Windows时,你不能简单地删除Windows分区,这也会将你用Wubi安装的Ubuntu删掉。要完全转换到Ubuntu,你首先需要按下面的指 南将你用Wubi安装的Ubuntu转移到它独有的分区,然后你才能删除Windows分区。 2、提高性能:由于使用了虚拟磁盘,在Wubi安装的Ubuntu中,硬盘性能有轻微的降低。虽然日常使用无法注意到,如果你经常编辑拷贝大文件,比如视频编辑,你在将Wubi安装的Ubuntu转换到专用分区后会有一定的速度提升。 3、恢复休眠功能:即使你的硬件支持Ubuntu下的休眠,由于交换空间(SWAP)是在虚拟磁盘中,你还是无法在Wubi下实现这点。然而,如果你将安 装转移到真实的分区,你就有了专用的交换空间,所以如果你的硬件支持在Ubuntu下休眠你就可以实现了。 开始之前…… 牢记备份数据,以防意外。备份到U盘、刻录盘、或者其它除了你的硬盘之外的任何地方。 确定已经提供了安装用的空白分区,要做这个,可以使用Partition Manager tool(http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=198821) 来调用Gparted调整Windows分区,建立一个新的主分区并格式化为ext3格式(译注:这里建立主分区应该是为了后来可以删除Windows,一个硬盘最多支持4个主分区),你也需要建立一个比你内存大一些的分区并格式化为swap。 建立新分区并调整现有分区 如果你没有安装需要的空白分区这是你唯一需要做的。同时确定除了你要安装Linux的分区之外(主分区的文件系统类型无关紧要,它总是会被处理成ext3 格式,只需要确定交换分区格式化为SWAP或未使用),你已经有了一个比内存大一些的交换空间。如果做好了,跳到下一部分。 要做到这一点,你可以使用Partition Manager tool(http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=198821),启动后打开GParted,然后按http://gparted.sourceforge.net/larry/resize/resizing.htm的指南操作。 调整Windows分区(NTFS)大小,建立一个新的主分区(格式无关紧要,它会被LVPM格式化为ext3格式,但它至少应该和Wubi虚拟磁盘一般 大,至少5G)和一个交换分区(比内存大一些)。另外注意新系统分区的设备字符串(类似/dev/sdb1, /dev/hda2)是多少,后面用得上。 由于Wubi安装的Ubuntu还在Windows分区上,所以,即使你打算干掉Windows,也只能是调整Windows分区(NTFS)大小,而不是删除它。 安装运行LVPM(the Loopmounted Virtual Partition Manager) 你既可以按照http://lubi.sourceforge.net/lvpm.html的基于截图的指南,也可以按下面的指示: 启动Wubi/Lubi安装的Ubuntu,下载并安装最新的lvpm的deb包。这一步很关键,下载前运行LVPM可能会使用了一个过时的有潜在危险的版本。 http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=198821 安装后,打开“应用程序”──“系统工具”──“LVPM”,选择“transfer”选项,选择一个安装的目的分区。不要选择上面有重要数据的分区,它会被擦除;同时注意GRUB会被安装到MBR(主引导记录)上。如果你想调整虚拟磁盘大小,而不是将它们转移到专用分区上,请使用“resize”选项。 现在,重启,希望一切顺利。如果遇到讨厌的启动错误,插入Super Grub Disk,希望你能启动你的系统。 干掉原来Wubi安装的Ubuntu(可选) 如果你对你新的真实安装的Ubuntu满意了,不再需要保留原来的Wubi安装了,只需要启动Windows,找到“添加/删除程序”,选择Wubi,按“卸载”,就只剩下你真实安装的Ubuntu了。 完全干掉Windows(可选) 当你将Wubi安装的Ubuntu转移到真实分区,可以正常使用了之后,启动Partition Manager tool,打开GParted,删除Windows(NTFS)分区,按http://gparted.sourceforge.net/larry /tips/gfs.htm的指南扩展ext3分区,完全使用删除Windows(NTFS)分区后形成的空白分区。 用LVPM调整虚拟磁盘大小 运行LVPM,菜单出现后选择“resizehome”×(调整/home虚拟磁盘)或“resizeroot”(调整/虚拟磁盘)。 输入虚拟磁盘新的大小,以MB为单位。 等待程序完成建立一个新的磁盘文件并从原来的home磁盘文件中拷贝文件。它会弹出最后一个指示窗口让备份原来的磁盘文件,重命名新建立磁盘文件。 启动到Windows浏览c:\wubi\disks,移动原来的磁盘文件到另一个文件夹作为备份,将new.virtual.disk重命名为 home.virtual.disk(如果你使用的是resizehome)或system.virtual.disk(如果你使用的是 resizeroot)。 重启进入Ubuntu。 注:如果你遇到GRUB错误,或者无法启动你的一个系统,启动Super Grub Disk(http://supergrub.forjamari.linex.org/),它会使你修复GRUB,可以启动Windows和Ubuntu。 |
下面是http://lubi.sourceforge.net/lvpm.html的基于截图的LVPM指南:
简介
LVPM(循环挂载虚拟分区管理器)允许用户通过从原有安装将所有数据、设置和程序转移到专用分区上,把他们现有的Wubi或Lubi安装(的 Ubuntu)升级为一个标准的Ubuntu系统。使用LVPM升级的好处是获得更好的磁盘性能和可靠性,以及用Ubuntu替换原有的系统。
一个基于文本的指南和LVPM的支持论坛在此处──http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=438591
使用需求
LVPM在Wubi和Lubi7.04.01创建的安装上测试过了,可能在早期的版本上无法工作。在运行之前,你需要一个空白分区用作根文件系统,另一个分区格式化为SWAP。
Partition Manager(只在你没有空白分区时需要)
如果你没有空白分区,你可以使用Partition Manager,启动它打开GParted,然后调整你的分区,建立一个与内存大小同等的交换分区,及一个ext3格式的主分区。
说明
你既可以按基于文本的指南/支持论坛(http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=438591)中的说明操作,也可以按下面基于截图的指示操作:
安装
从http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=198821下载并安装最新版的LVPM的DEB包。本人下载的是96版。
使用LVPM转移一个安装到专用分区上
打开LVPM,选择“transfer”选项,选择一个安装的目的分区,等待你的安装全部转移到专用分区上。
Post-transfer(可选)
可选地,安装完成后,你可以删除原来的Wubi安装(的Ubuntu),甚至整个宿主系统(Windows),以便你可以完全地使用Ubuntu。
干掉原来的Wubi安装(的Ubuntu)(可选)
如果你对你新的真实分区的安装满意了,不再需要保留原来的Wubi安装了,只需要启动Windows,找到“添加/删除程序”,选择“Wubi”,按“卸载”。你就只剩下你的真实分区安装的Ubuntu了。
完全干掉Windows(可选)
当你将Wubi安装(的Ubuntu)转移到真实分区,它可以正常工作之后,启动Partition Manager,打开GParted,删除Windows(NTFS)分区,按这个指南(http://gparted.sourceforge.net /larry/tips/gfs.htm)扩展ext3分区,完全使用删除Windows(NTFS)分区形成的空白分区。
使用LVPM调整虚拟磁盘大小(如果你将安装转移到专用分区则没有必要)
运行LVPM,菜单出现后,选择“resizehome”(调整/home虚拟磁盘)或“resizeroot”(调整/虚拟磁盘)。
以MB为单位,输入新的虚拟磁盘的大小。
等待程序完成建立一个新的磁盘文件并从原来的home磁盘文件中拷贝文件。它会弹出最后一个指示窗口让备份原来的磁盘文件,重命名新建立磁盘文件。
启动到Windows浏览c:\wubi\disks,移动原来的磁盘文件到另一个文件夹作为备份,将new.virtual.disk重命名为 home.virtual.disk(如果你使用的是resizehome)或system.virtual.disk(如果你使用的是 resizeroot)。
重启进入Ubuntu。
ref:hi.baidu.com/yingwu780108/blog/item/b141574fb92b263eaec3ab6e.html
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